Simply build the third node and add it to the cluster in the same way as you did for the second node. That means adding a Proxmox cluster node, and linstor node add... for linstor.
When you say “the third node also synchs the cluster data”: if you’re talking about the Proxmox cluster database (/etc/pve), this is automatically synced to all nodes in the cluster when you add the extra node. If you have any problems in this area, you should ask on a Proxmox forum.
If you mean you want three replicas of your DRBD volumes, then you change the PlaceCount on your resource group. Presumably you had set it to 2 before; now set it to 3.
# check what you have
linstor resource-group list
# modify
linstor resource-group modify --place-count 3 <name-of-resource-group>
# see where your volumes are placed and the replication state
linstor volume list